The Thoughtful Christian—Full Article

Endnotes

1 See the definitions in the Compact Oxford English Dictionary of Current English, edited by Catherine Soanes and Sara Hawker (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008), 1078.

2 See David S. Dockery, Renewing Minds (Nashville: B & H, 2008), 14–15.

3 See Bradley G. Green, The Gospel and the Mind: Recovering and Shaping the Intellectual Life (Wheaton: Crossway, 2010), 11–28; James W. Sire, Habits of the Mind (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2000).

4 See Clifford Williams, The Life of the Mind: A Christian Perspective (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2002), 61–71.

5 See H. E. W. Turner, The Pattern of Christian Truth (London: Mowbray & Co., 1954).

6 See James Emery White, A Mind for God (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2006).

7 See Dennis P. Hollinger, Head, Heart & Hands: Bringing Together Christian Thought, Passion, and Action (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2005); also see Grant Osborne, Matthew. Zondervan Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2010), 820–35.

8 See Glen S. Sunshine, Why You Think the Way You Do: The Story of Western Worldviews from Rome to Home (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2009); T. S. Eliot, Christianity and Culture (New York: Harcourt, 1940), 22.

9 See James V. Schall, The Life of the Mind: On the Joys and Travails of Thinking (Wilmington: ISI Books, 2006).

10 See David S. Dockery, “Shaping a Christian Worldview” in Shaping a Christian Worldview, edited by David S. Dockery and Gregory Alan Thornbury (Nashville: B & H, 2002), 1–15.

11 Trevor Hart, Faith Thinking: The Dynamics of Christian Theology (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1994), 1; also Alvin Plantinga, Knowledge and Christian Belief (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2015); Keith L. Johnson, Theology as Discipleship (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2015), 133–54.

12 David A. Horner, Mind Your Faith: A Student’s Guide to Thinking and Living Well (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2011); Charles Colson, “Backyard Apologetics: An Interview,” Touchstone (November/December 1999): 44-45.

13 Hart, Faith Thinking, 11–22; cf. Alvin Plantinga, Warranted Christian Belief (New York: Oxford University Press, 2000).

14 See The Creative Theology of P.T. Forsyth, edited by Samuel J. Mikolaski (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1969); cf. Hart, Faith Thinking, xiii

15 See Plantinga, Warranted Christian Belief.

16 See J.P. Moreland, Love God with All Your Mind (Colorado Springs: NavPress, 1997); Arthur Holmes, Contours of a Worldview (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1983).

17 George H. Guthrie, 2 Corinthians. Baker Exegetical Commentary of the New Testament (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2015), 474–76; See Richard A. Knopp and John D. Castlelen, editors, Taking Every Thought Captive (Joplin: College Press, 1997).

18 John R. W. Stott, Evangelical Truth (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1999), 35–110.

19 See Gerald Bray, “The Challenge to the Mind in Christian Higher Education Today,” in Thinking Christianly, edited by Paul Corts (Birmingham: Samford University Press, 2011), 57–78.

20 Kevin J. Vanhoozer, “Theology and Apologetics, “ in New Dictionary of Christian Apologetics, edited by W. C. Campbell-Jack and Gavin McGrath (Downers Grove, InterVarsity, 2006) 35–43; also see David W. Pao, Colossians and Philemon. Zondervan Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2012), 84–100.

21 Vanhoozer, “Theology and Apologetics,” 41; also see Plantinga, Knowledge and Christian Belief.

22 See Turner, The Pattern of Christian Truth.

23 See Daniel O’Connor and Francis Oakley, editors, Creation: The Impact of an Idea (New York: Scribners, 1969); Michael L. Peterson, With All Your Mind (Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 2001), 96-100; also see Gerald Bray, The Doctrine of God (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1993); John Feinberg, No One Like Him: The Doctrine of God (Wheaton: Crossway, 2001).

24 Gerald Bray, God Has Spoken: A History of Christian Theology (Wheaton: Crossway, 2014), 188–99; also see Henri Blocher, In the Beginning: The Opening Chapters of Genesis (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1984).

25 See Anthony Hoekema, Created in God’s Image (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1994), 98–100; cf. G.C. Berkouwer, Man: The Image of God (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1962).

26 See John Kilner, Dignity and Destiny: Humanity in the Image of God (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2015); Anthony Thiselton, Systematic Theology (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2015), 136–53.

27 See Cornelius Plantinga, Jr., Not the Way It’s Supposed to Be: A Breviary of Sin (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1995); Christopher W. Morgan and Robert A. Peterson, Fallen: A Theology of Sin (Wheaton: Crossway, 2013); also, Hans Madueme and Michael Reeves, editors, Adam, the Fall, and Original Sin (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2014); Henri Blocher, Original Sin: Illuminating the Riddle (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1997).

28 David S. Dockery, Our Christian Hope (Nashville: LifeWay, 1998), 25–45.

29 Donald G. Bloesch, Essentials of Evangelical Theology.2 vols., (San Francisco: Harper, 1978), 1: 181–222.

30 B.B. Warfield, Selected Shorter Writings of Benjamin B. Warfield, vol. 2, edited by John E. Meeter (Nutley, N.J.: Presbyterian & Reformed, 1973), 427.

31 See Thomas C. Oden, The Transforming Power of Grace (Nashville: Abingdon, 1993).

32 See Constantine R. Campbell, Paul and Union with Christ: An Exegetical and Theological Study (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2012).

33 See D.A. Carson, The Difficult Doctrine of the Love of God (Wheaton: Crossway, 1999); idem, The God Who Is There: Finding Your Place in God’s Story (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2010); also Kevin J. Vanhoozer, editor, Nothing Greater, Nothing Better: Theological Essays on the Love of God (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2001).

34 P. T. Forsyth, The Cruciality of the Cross (London: Independent, 1948), 99.

35 See Leon Morris, The Cross in the New Testament (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1965); John R. W. Stott, The Cross of Christ (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1986); James Boice and Phillip G. Ryken, The Heart of the Cross (Wheaton: Crossway, 1999).

36 See Carl F. H. Henry, The Identity of Jesus (Nashville: Broadman & Holman, 1992); F. F. Bruce, Jesus: Lord and Savior (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1986); Joshua Jipp, Christ Is King (Minneapolis: Fortress, 2015).

37 See Graham A. Cole, He Who Gives Life: The Doctrine of the Holy Spirit (Wheaton: Crossway, 2007); Michael Green, I Believe in the Holy Spirit (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1989).

38 See David S. Dockery, “The Church in the Pauline Epistles” in The Community of Jesus: A Theology of the Church, edited by Kendell H. Easley and Christopher W. Morgan (Nashville: B & H, 2013), 103–22; idem, “Life in the Spirit n Pauline Thought,” in Scribes and Scriptures, edited by D.A. Black (Winona Lake: Eisenbrauns, 1993), 142–50; idem, “Paul’s View of the Spiritual Life,” in Exploring Christian Spirituality, ed. K. J. Collins (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2000), 339–52; idem, “Fruit of the Spirit,” in Dictionary of Paul and His Letters, edited by Gerald F. Hawthorne, Ralph P. Martin, and Daniel G. Reid (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1993), 316–19.

39 See Stott, Evangelical Essentials, 85–110; Robert Sherman, Covenant, Community, and the Spirit (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2015).

40 Dockery, Our Christian Hope, 67–91. While believers differ over these matters, our perspective follows closely the work of George E. Ladd, The Blessed Hope (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1962) and that of Darrell L. Bock and Craig A. Blaising, Progressive Dispensationalism (Wheaton: Victor, 1993). See David S. Dockery, “Evangelicals and Eschatology: Learning Faithfulness and Humility from Craig A. Blaising,” in Eschatology: Biblical, Historical, and Practical Approaches: Essays in Honor of Craig A. Blaising, edited by D. Jeffrey Bingham and Glenn R. Kreider (Grand Rapids: Kregel, 2016).

41 See Carl F. H. Henry, God, Revelation, and Authority. 6 vols. (Waco, TX: Word, 1976), 2:310–14.

42 See Grant Osborne, Revelation. Baker Exegetical Commentary of the New Testament (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2002) 726–99.

43 See A. J. Conyers, The Eclipse of Heaven: Rediscovering the Hope of a World Beyond (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1997).

44 See Anthony Hoekema, The Bible and the Future (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1979); John Gilmore, Probing Heaven (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1989); also Colleen McDannell and Bernhard Lang, Heaven: A History (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1988).

45 See Peter Toon, Heaven and Hell (Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1986).

46 See Millard J. Erickson, Christian Theology, 3rd edition (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2013), 1124-39.

47 See Robert P. George, The Clash of Orthodoxies (Wilmington: ISI Books, 2001); James Sire, Naming the Elephant: Worldview as a Concept (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1997); idem, The Universe Next Door: A Basic Worldview Catalog, 3rd edition (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1997).

48 See Charles Taylor, A Secular Age (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2007); James K. A. Smith, How (Not) To Be Secular: Reading Charles Taylor (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2014); also see James Davison Hunter, To Change the World: The Irony, Tragedy, and the Possibility of Christianity in the Late Modern World (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010).

49 See discussion of the loss of the sacred canopy, the influence of secularization, privatization, and pluralization, the loss of plausibility structures, and the challenge of cognitive contamination in Peter L. Berger, The Sacred Canopy: Elements of a Sociological Theory of Religion (New York: Random, 1967); Peter L. Berger and Anton Zijderveld, In Praise of Doubt (New York: Harper Collins, 2009); Peter L. Berger, The Many Altars of Modernity (Boston: de Gruyter, 2009); also Robert Putnam, Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community (New York: Touchstone, 2000).

50 See Graham A. Cole, “Do Christians Have a Worldview?” Christ on Campus Initiative, 2007; also, Phillip G. Ryken, Christian Worldview (Wheaton: Crossway, 2013).

51 See David Naugle, Worldview: The History of a Concept (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2002); Charles Colson with Nancy Pearcey, How Now Shall We Live? (Wheaton: Tyndale, 1999).

52 See Francis Schaeffer, He is There and He is Not Silent. In The Complete Works of Francis Schaeffer: A Christian Worldview, vol. 1, A Christian View of Philosophy and Culture (Wheaton: Crossway, 1987); Greg Forster, Joy for the World: How Christianity Lost Its Cultural Influence and Can Begin Rebuilding It (Wheaton: Crossway, 2014).

53 See J. I. Packer, Knowing God (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1973); A. W. Tozer, The Knowledge of the Holy (New York: Harper, 1961).

54 See Millard J. Erickson, God the Father Almighty (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1995).

55 Dockery, “Shaping a Christian Worldview,” 4–5.

56 See J. P. Moreland and William Lane Craig, Philosophical Foundations for a Christian Worldview (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2003).

57 See Arthur Holmes, The Making of a Christian Mind: A Christian Worldview and the Academic Enterprise (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1985).

58 See C. Ben Mitchell, Ethics and Moral Reasoning: A Student’s Guide (Wheaton: Crossway, 2013); John Feinberg and Paul Feinberg, Ethics for a Brave New World (Wheaton: Crossway, 1996).

59 See Nathan Finn, History: A Student’s Guide (Wheaton: Crossway, 2016); Ronald Wells, editor, History and Historical Understanding (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1984).

60 See Charles Colson with Anne Morse, Burden of Truth: Defending Truth in an Age of Unbelief (Wheaton: Tyndale, 1997); William Lane Craig, Reasonable Faith (Wheaton: Crossway, 1994).

61 See Donald G. Bloesch, The Last Things (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2004), 242–60.

62 See Dockery, Renewing Minds, 35–49; James Emery White, The Church in an Age of Crisis (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2012), 186–92.

63 See D. A. Carson, The Gagging of God (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1996); David S. Dockery, editor, The Challenge of Postmodernism (Wheaton: Bridgeprint, 1995); John P. Newport, The New Age Movement and the Biblical Worldview (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1997).

64 See Thomas C. Oden, Requiem (Nashville: Abingdon, 1995); James Emery White, Serious Times (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1996); Finn, History.

65 David S. Dockery, Christian Scripture: An Evangelical Perspective on Inspiration, Authority, and Interpretation (Nashville: Broadman & Holman, 1995), 37–45. For a connection between a Christian worldview and an affirmation of the Bible’s enduring authority, see Vern S. Poythress, Inerrancy and Worldview (Wheaton, Crossway, 2012).

66 See David S. Dockery, “Special Revelation,” in A Theology for the Church, edited by Daniel L. Akin (Nashville: B & H, 2014), 103–53.

67 See Graeme Goldworthy, According to Plan: The Unfolding Revelation of God in the Bible (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1991).

68 See David S. Dockery, Biblical Interpretation Then and Now (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1992).

69 See D. A. Carson and John D. Woodbridge, editors, Scripture and Truth (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1984); idem, Hermeneutics, Authority, and Canon (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1986).

70 See J. I. Packer, Truth & Power: The Place of Scripture in the Christian Life (Downers Grove: InterVarsity 1996); also D. A. Carson, Selected Writings on Scripture (Wheaton: Crossway, 2010).

71 See D. A. Carson, editor, The Enduring Authority of the Christian Scriptures (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2016).

72 Kevin J. Vanhoozer and Daniel J. Treier, Theology and the Mirror of Scripture: A Mere Evangelical Account (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2015), 100–10.

73 See the multi-volumed and multi-authored series, Reclaiming the Christian Intellectual Tradition, edited by David S. Dockery (Wheaton: Crossway, 2012–2016).

74 David S. Dockery and Timothy George, The Great Tradition of Christian Thinking (Wheaton: Crossway, 2012).

75 See Virginia Stem Owens, “Fiction and the Bible,” Reformed Journal 21 (1988) 12–15.

76 See David S. Dockery, “The History of Pre-Critical Biblical Interpretation,” Faith and Mission 10 (1992) 3–33.

77 See Francis M. Young, Biblical Exegesis and the Formation of Christian Culture (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1997).

78 See Timothy George, “The Pattern of Christian Truth,” First Things 154 (2005): 21–25.

79 See Jaroslav Pelikan, The Christian Tradition: A History of the Development of Doctrine. 5 vols. (Chicago: University of Chicago, 1971–91).

80 See David S.Dockery, “A Fresh Look at Erasmus: Foundations for Reformation Hermeneutics,” in Evangelical Hermeneutics, edited by M. Bauman and D. Hill (Camp Hill, PA: Christian Publications, 1995), 53–76; David S. Dockery, “The Christological Hermeneutics of Martin Luther,” Grace Theological Journal 4.2 (1983): 189–203; Timothy George, Reading Scripture with the Reformers (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2011); see the multi-volumed series, Reformation Commentary on Scripture, edited by Timothy George and Scott M. Manetsch (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2011– ).

81 See Douglas A. Sweeney, Edwards the Exegete: Biblical Interpretation and Anglo-Protestant Culture on the Edge of the Enlightenment (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016); also see the informative discussions in John M. Frame, A History of Western Philosophy and Theology (Phillipsburg, NJ: P & R, 2015).

82 See Thomas C. Oden, The Rebirth of Orthodoxy (San Francisco: Harper Collins, 2003); Stephen R. Holmes, Listening to the Past: The Place of Tradition in Theology (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2002); D. H. Williams, Evangelicals and Tradition (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2005).

83 See J. I. Packer and Thomas C. Oden, One Faith (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2004); Jaroslav Pelikan, Development of Christian Doctrine (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1969); Jaroslav Pelikan, Credo (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2003).

84 See Jonathan Hill, What Has Christianity Ever Done for Us? How It Shaped the Modern World (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2005).

85 See Richard J. Mouw, Called to the Life of the Mind (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2014); idem, He Shines in All That’s Fair: Culture and Common Grace (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2002); Mark A. Noll, Jesus Christ and the Life of the Mind (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2013).

86 See D. Bruce Lockerbie, A Passion for Learning: The History of Christian Thought on Education (Chicago: Moody, 1994).

87 See Susan Wise Bauer, The Well-Educated Mind: A Guide to the Classical Education You Never Had (New York: Norton, 2003), 24–26.

88 C. S. Lewis, “On the Reading of Old Books,” in God in the Dock: Essays on Theology and Ethics, edited by Walter Hooper (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1970), 200–207.

89 Mortimer Adler, How to Read a Book (New York: Touchstone/Simon & Schuster, 1940); Also, James W. Sire, How to Read Slowly (Wheaton: Shaw, 1978).

90 See William Lane Craig’s advice on these matters in “Concluding Thoughts on the Two Tasks of the Christian Scholar” in The Two Tasks of the Christian Scholar, 177–90; Kevin Vanhoozer’s brilliant work on reading and interpretation, Is There a Meaning in This Text? The Bible, The Reader, and the Morality of Literary Knowledge (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1988); Gordon D. Fee and Douglas Stuart, Reading the Bible for All Its Worth (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2003); and David S. Dockery, “Reading the Bible as a Guide for Life,” in Read the Bible for Life, compiled by George H. Guthrie (Nashville: B & H, 2011), 19–32.

91 James Orr, The Christian View of God and the World (1891; Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1954); also see Abraham Kuyper, “1898 Stone Lectures, Princeton University” in Creating a Christian Worldview: Abraham Kuyper’s Lectures on Calvinism compiled by Peter S. Heslam (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1998).

92 See Donald G. Bloesh, The Ground of Certainty (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1971), 176–203; idem, A Theology of Word and Spirit (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1992), 24–61; also see Kevin J. Vanhoozer, “What is Everyday Theology? How and Why Christians Should Read Culture,” in Everyday Theology: How to Read Cultural Texts and Interpret Trends, edited by Kevin J. Vanhoozer, Charles A. Anderson, and Michael J. Sleasman (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2007), 15–62; Hunter Baker, The System Has a Soul (Grand Rapids: Christian’s Library Press, 2014); Francis Beckwith, Politics for Christians: Statecraft as Soulcraft (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2010).

93 See Graham A. Cole, “Sexuality and Its Expression,” Interchange 51 (1999); John Paul II, Man and Woman He Created Them: A Theology of the Body (Boston: Pauline, 1997/2006); Jeff Pollard and Scott Brown, A Theology of the Family (Wake Forest, NC: NCFIC, 2014); Ryan T. Anderson, Truth Overruled: The Future of Marriage and Religious Freedom (Washington, D.C.: Regnery, 2015).

94 See Calvin Beisner, Where Garden Meets Wilderness: Evangelical Entry into the Environmental Debate (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1997); Mark Liederbach and Seth Bible, True North: Christ, the Gospel, and Creation Care (Nashville: B & H, 2012); Jonathan Merritt, Green Like God (New York: Faith Words, 2010); David S. Dockery, “The Environment, Ethics, and Exposition” in The Earth is the Lord’s, edited by L. Moore and R. Land (Nashville: Broadman, 1992), 161–78.

95 Paul Munson and Joshua Drake, Art and Music (Wheaton: Crossway, 2014); Louis Markos, Restoring Beauty (Colorado Springs: Biblica, 2010); Charlie Peacock, At the Crossroads (Nashville: Broadman & Holman, 1999).

96 See Alister McGrath, Glimpsing the Face of God: Searching for Meaning in the Universe (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2002); Hugh Ross, Creation as Science (Colorado Springs: NavPress, 2006); Vern S. Poythress, Philosophy, Science, and the Sovereignty of God (Phillipsburg, N.J.: P & R, 1976); Alvin Plantinga, Where the Conflict Really Lies: Science, Religion, and Naturalism (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011); John C. Lennox, God’s Undertaker: Has Science Buried God? (Oxford: Lion, 2009).

97 See Quintin J. Schultze and Robert H. Woods, Jr., editors, Understanding Evangelical Media: The Changing Face of Christian Communication (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2008); Neil Postman, Technopoly: The Surrender of Culture to Technology (New York: Vintage, 1992); Sherry Turkle, Alone Together: Why We Expect More from Technology and Less from Each Other (New York: Basic Books, 2011); idem, Reclaiming Conversation: The Power of Talk in a Digital Age (New York: Penguin, 2015).

98 See Tom Nelson, Work Matters: Connecting Sunday Worship to Monday Work (Wheaton: Crossway, 2011); Chad Brand, Flourishing Faith (Grand Rapids: Acton, 2012); Steven Garber, Visions of Vocation (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2014). For a look at the broader question of Christianity and culture, see D. A. Carson, Christ and Culture Revisited (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2012).

99 See Robert L. Saucy, Minding the Heart: The Way of Spiritual Transformation (Grand Rapids: Kregel, 2013); Diane J. Chandler, Christian Spiritual Formation (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2014); Marva J. Dawn, In the Beginning God: Creation, Culture, and the Spiritual Life (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2009); A. J. Conyers, The Listening Heart (Waco: Baylor University Press, 2009); Donald S. Whitney, Spiritual Disciplines for the Christian Life (Colorado Springs: NavPress, revised 2014).

100 See John Stott, Your Mind Matters (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1972); Arthur Holmes, Shaping Character (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1990).

101 See Saucy, Minding the Heart, 123–83.

102 See Jarvis J. Williams, One New Man: The Cross and Racial Reconciliation in Pauline Theology (Nashville: B & H, 2010); Spencer Perkins and Chris Rice, More than Equals: Racial Healing for the Sake of the Gospel (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2000); Bryan Loritts, editor, Letters to a Birmingham Jail (Chicago, Moody, 2014).

103 See Duane Litfin, Word Versus Deed (Wheaton: Crossway, 2011).

104 Douglas J. Moo, James. Tyndale New Testament Commentaries (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1985), 78–95.

105 Dockery, “Fruit of the Spirit.”

106 See discussions of divine love in Kevin J. Vanhoozer, Nothing Greater, Nothing Better: Theological Essays on the Love of God.

107 See David S. Dockery, “Faith and Learning: Foundational Commitments,” in Faith and Learning edited by David S. Dockery (Nashville: B & H, 2012), 3–26.

108 See Thomas H. McCall, Forsaken: The Trinity and the Cross, and Why it Matters (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2012); idem, Which Trinity? Whose Monotheism? (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2010); Oliver D. Crisp and Fred Sanders, editors, Advancing Trinitarian Theology (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2014); Millard J. Erickson, God in Three Persons (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1995).

109 See David S. Dockery, “A Theology for the Church” Midwestern Journal of Theology 1:1 (2003), 1–20; also idem, “Baptism,” in Dictionary of Jesus and the Gospels, edited by S. McKnight, J. Greer, and I.H. Marshall (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1991), 155–58; idem, “A Theology of Baptism,” Southwestern Journal of Theology, 43 (2001): 4–16.

110 See John B. Polhill, Acts. The New American Commentary (Nashville: Broadman, 1992), 365–78; David G. Peterson, The Acts of the Apostles. The Pillar New Testament Commentary (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2009), 486–504.

111 See C. S. Lewis, God in the Dock.

112 See John R. W. Stott, The Spirit, the Church, and the World: The Message of Acts (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1990) 216–91; J. Daryl Charles, “Engaging the (Neo) Pagan Mind: Paul’s Encounter with Athenian Culture as a Model for Cultural Apologetics,” Trinity Journal 16 NS (1995) 47–62.

113 See Carson, Gagging of God.

114 See Alister McGrath, Intellectuals Don’t Need God and Other Modern Myths (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1993); also see Scott R. Burson and Jerry L. Walls, C.S. Lewis and Francis Schaeffer: Lessons for a New Century from the Most Influential Apologists of our Time (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 1998), 251–72, who provide 21 guidelines for engaging our twenty-first century culture; also Vanhoozer, “First Theology;” and Forster, Joy for the World.

115 See David S. Dockery, “Global Awareness and Engagement: New Opportunities for Christian Higher Education,” Pro Rege (June 2011), 1–6.

116 See Craig Ott and Harold A. Netland, editors, Globalizing Theology: Belief and Practics in an Era of World Christianity (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2006); also, for helpful insights regarding intercultural ministry, see Peter Cha, Steve Kang, and Helen Lee, editors, Growing Healthy Asian American Churches (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2006).

117 See George R. Hunsberger and Craig Van Gelder, The Church Between Gospel and Culture (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1996); Lamin Sanneh and Joel Carpenter, editors, The Changing Face of Christianity (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2003); Jonathan J. Bonk, Between Past and Future: Evangelical Mission in the Twenty-first Century (Pasadena: William Carey Library, 2003); Christopher J. Wright, The Mission of God (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2006); Timothy C. Tennent, Theology in the Context of World Christianity (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2007).

118 See Kevin Vanhoozer, Pictures at a Theological Exhibition: Scenes of the Church’s Worship, Witness, and Wisdom (Downers Grove: InterVarsity, 2016), 107–22, 217–50.

119 It needs to be stressed that the purpose of this article is to provide a guide for “thoughtful Christians,” men and women of any age, but particularly college and university students, who are serious about their Christian faith and the opportunities of service that will be theirs in the changing context of the twenty-first century. The purpose is not primarily to describe evangelical thought leaders who provide leadership for the church and/or academy. For those looking for guidance in this area, see Mark A. Noll, Jesus Christ and the Life of the Mind (Grand Rapids, Eerdmans, 2011); Owen Strachen, Awakening the Evangelical Mind: An Intellectual History of the Neo-Evangelical Movement (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2015), 109–80. Our purposes should not be confused with the recent proposals related to pastor theologians. For helpful insight in this area, see R. Albert Mohler, “The Pastor as Theologian,” in A Theology for the Church, 723–28; and, Scott M. Manetsch, Calvin’s Company of Pastors (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013). Neither should our purpose be confused with those who are calling for pastors as public theologians nor those expressing the hope for more public Christian intellectuals. For guidance in these areas, please see Kevin J. Vanhoozer and Owen Strachan, The Pastor as Public Theologian: Reclaiming a Lost Vision (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2015) as well as R. R. Reno, “The Christian Intellectual,” First Things .

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